By AZoNano
Table of Contents
IntroductionPR-24-XT-PS Data Sheet Product NomenclaturePR-24-XT-LHT Data Sheet Product NomenclaturePR-24-XT-HHT Data Sheet Product NomenclatureAbout Pyrograf
Introduction
Pyrograf-III is a very fine, highly graphitic, patented, inexpensive, tubular carbon nanofiber. There are two types of Pyrograf-III available with diameters ranging from 70 – 200 nm and a length of the as-produced fiber is around 50-200 µm. Hence, nanofibers are much smaller in diameter when compared to traditional milled or continuous carbon fibers (5-10 microns) but significantly larger than carbon nanotubes (1-10 nm).
The average diameter of PR-24 is around 100 nm and has a minimal CVD carbon overcoat. Since the fibers are produced in a vapor phase, they get entwined during growth, producing a mesh-like configuration. Debulking of this raw form is done to provide the customer with a product that has a uniform bulk density enabling precise compounding into final products. Pyrograf-III is presently available in a debulked form designated as XT. This form has a bulk density of 1-3 lb/ft3.
PR-24-XT-PS Data Sheet
Product Nomenclature
PR-24 has an average diameter of about 100 nm and has a minimal chemically vapor deposited (CVD) carbon layer on the fiber surface over a graphitic tubular core. Three grades of PR-24 are uploaded designated as PS, LHT and HHT.
The PS grade carbon nanofiber is obtained by pyrolytically stripping the as-produced fiber to remove polyaromatic hydrocarbons from the fiber surface.
Table 1. Carbon nanofiber properties
| Fiber diameter, nm (average): |
100 |
| CVD carbon overcoat present on fiber: |
slight |
| Surface area, m2/gm: |
45 |
| Dispersive surface energy, mJ/m2: |
85 |
| Moisture, wt%: |
<5 |
| Iron, ppm: |
<14,000 |
| Polyaromatic hydrocarbons, mg PAH/gm fiber: |
<1 |
PR-24-XT-PS finds applications in mechanical, and electrical (for ESD applications)
PR-24-XT-LHT Data Sheet
Product Nomenclature
Heat treatment of the fiber at 1500°C helps in obtaining the LHT grade. Chemically vapor deposited carbon on the fiber surface can be converted to a short range ordered structure. The fiber’s inherent conductivity is increased.
Table 2. Carbon nanofiber properties
| Fiber diameter, nm (average): |
100 |
| CVD carbon overcoat present on fiber: |
no |
| Surface area, m2/gm: |
43 |
| Dispersive surface energy, mJ/m2: |
155 |
| Moisture, wt%: |
<5 |
| Iron, ppm: |
<14,000 |
| Polyaromatic hydrocarbons, mg PAH/gm fiber: |
<1 |
The PR-24-XT-LHT find applications in the electrical and mechanical sectors.
PR-24-XT-HHT Data Sheet
Product Nomenclature
Heat-treatment of the as-produced carbon nanofiber to 3000°C helps obtain the HHT grade. This converts the fiber to a fully graphitized form and creates a highly conductive carbon nanofiber. The iron content which is the catalyst is also reduced to very low levels.
Table 3. Carbon nanofiber properties
| Fiber diameter, nm (average): |
100 |
| CVD carbon overcoat present on fiber: |
no |
| Surface area, m2/gm: |
41 |
| Dispersive surface energy, mJ/m2: |
135 |
| Moisture, wt%: |
<5 |
| Iron, ppm: |
<100 |
| Polyaromatic hydrocarbons, mg PAH/gm fiber: |
<1 |
The PR-24-XT-HHT finds applications in Electrical, Thermal, and Electronic Devices
About Pyrograf
Pyrograf Products, Inc. (PPI) is one of the leading producers of carbon nanofibers worldwide.
Pyrograf Products focuses on manufacturing high- quality, low-cost carbon nanofibers utilizing the proprietary and patented vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) process. Pyrograf-III, developed Applied Sciences, Inc. (ASI), is a versatile vapor grown carbon nanofiber with a wide range of applications.
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This information has been sourced, reviewed and adapted from materials provided by Pyrograf.
For more information on this source, please visit Pyrograf.