| By using nanosized rare earth metal oxides, thinner active layers can be used for catalysts which in turn reduces precious metal usage and costs. Automotive applications are an ideal target for nanomaterial catalysts. Goverments are at odds with vehicle manufacturers as they try to reduce emissions levels while manufacturers try to reduce costs by using less precious metals, such as platinum, palladium and rhodium in catalytic converters. Nanosized co-catalysts can be used to give good oxygen storage capability and thermal stability in thinner layers. NanoArc ceria and mixed rare earth metal oxides are such materials. They can also be used in other types of environmental catalysts, like exhaust converters, chemical scrubbers and other gaseous products and waste streams. |