Apr 10 2013
Tekmira Pharmaceuticals Corporation, a leading developer of RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics, announced the results of its Phase I clinical trial with TKM-PLK1, an RNAi therapeutic for the treatment of solid tumors.
The data are being presented today at 3:30 pm ET at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) in an oral presentation entitled "A phase I dose escalation study of TKM-080301, a RNAi therapeutic directed against PLK1, in patients with advanced solid tumors." In this Phase I study, TKM-PLK1 was generally well-tolerated and showed encouraging signs of drug activity with RNAi activity confirmed in tumor biopsy.
"We are very pleased with the results of our TKM-PLK1 Phase I clinical trial in a population of advanced cancer patients with solid tumors. The data generated from this clinical trial demonstrated that TKM-PLK1 was generally well-tolerated. In particular, we are very encouraged that four out of nine (44%) evaluable patients treated at doses in a range consistent with preclinical efficacy showed clinical benefit. In addition, we have confirmed RNAi activity in tumor biopsy. A variety of tumor types were treated in this Phase I study, but of particular note, of the two patients enrolled with gastrointestinal carcinoid (neuroendocrine) cancer, both responded to treatment with TKM-PLK1, and we look forward to initiating a Phase II clinical trial in this indication where there is a significant unmet medical need," said Dr. Mark J. Murray, Tekmira's President and CEO.
TKM-PLK1, which employs a unique lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation for oncology applications, was administered to 24 patients at doses ranging from 0.15 mg/kg to 0.90 mg/kg; with a total of 152 doses administered and a mean number of 6.2 doses per patient (range of 1-31 doses). The most common grade 1-2 adverse events were rigors (33%) and fever (25%). No dose-dependent changes in liver function tests were observed. Dose-limiting toxicities included: one grade 3 transient thrombocytopenia in one patient (at 0.9 mg/kg) and one grade 3 hypoxia/dyspnea in another patient (at 0.9 mg/kg). Based on these data, the maximum tolerated dose is estimated to be 0.75 mg/kg. A 10-patient expansion cohort is currently enrolling patients at 0.75 mg/kg, with data expected later this year.
Patients had a mean of 5.1 prior treatment regimens (range of 1-14). Forty-four percent (4 out of 9) patients evaluable for response, treated at a dose equal to or greater than 0.6 mg/kg, showed clinical benefit. In particular, one patient with progressive, metastatic appendiceal carcinoid (neuroendocrine) cancer had a durable partial tumor response based on RECIST criteria, continuing for more than 10 months. Three other patients achieved stable disease, including one patient with metastatic appendiceal carcinoid (neuroendocrine) cancer, another patient with metastatic colorectal cancer, and a third patient with metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma.
"PLK1 has been a target of interest for years, and we know from the medical literature that patients with elevated levels of PLK1 in their tumors exhibit poorer prognosis and survival rates. By using an RNAi approach and exploiting its naturally occurring mechanism of action, we can potentially overcome the limitations of other approaches and effectively silence PLK1. The safety data, drug activity and anti-tumor activity with TKM-PLK1 are encouraging, and I look forward to the further development of this promising therapeutic," said Dr. Ramesh K. Ramanathan, Medical Director of the Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center Clinical Trials Program at Scottsdale Healthcare and deputy director of the Clinical Translational Research Division of the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) in Phoenix, Arizona.
Patients were dosed on a weekly protocol with each four week cycle consisting of three once weekly doses followed by a rest week. Pharmacokinetic data showed that Cmax (peak serum concentration of drug) and area under the curve (AUC) were dose proportional, without evidence of drug accumulation, and that the pharmacokinetic profile of TKM-PLK1 is maintained through multiple cycles. Pre-clinical animal pharmacokinetic data were predictive for the observed results in humans. Importantly, the data confirm that the drug exposure levels achieved in this trial, incorporating Tekmira's proprietary LNP formulation specifically designed to facilitate siRNA delivery to disseminated disease sites, are several fold greater than were achieved in clinical trials using earlier LNP formulations.
TKM-PLK1 Phase II Clinical Trial
Tekmira expects to initiate a Phase II clinical trial in patients with previously treated gastrointestinal carcinoid (neuroendocrine) cancer in the second half of 2013. Details of the trial design will be disclosed later this year. Tekmira is also evaluating additional indications for Phase II development and will provide guidance later this year. Tekmira also expects to present data from the expansion cohort of the TKM-PLK1 Phase I clinical trial this year.
About Gastrointestinal Carcinoid (Neuroendocrine) Tumors
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) consist of a spectrum of malignancies that can arise from neuroendocrine cells throughout the body. These tumors are characterized by their ability to produce peptides that cause characteristic hormonal syndromes. Metastatic gastrointestinal carcinoid (neuroendocrine) tumors often have a poor prognosis and may have an aggressive clinical course. It is estimated that more than 12,000 new cases of carcinoid/NETs are diagnosed each year, and at least 115,000 people are living with carcinoid/NETs in the United States. The treatment of patients with gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors remains a challenge with few treatment options available.
About TKM-PLK1 Phase I Study Design
The TKM-PLK1 Phase I clinical trial, conducted at oncology centers in the United States, was an open label, multi-dose, dose escalation study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of TKM-PLK1 as well as determine the maximum tolerated dose. Secondary objectives of the trial are to measure tumor response and the pharmacodynamic effects of TKM-PLK1 in patients providing biopsies.
Conference Call Information
Tekmira will hold a conference call and webcast today (Tuesday, April 9, 2013) at 1:30 pm Pacific Time (4:30 pm Eastern Time) to discuss results of the TMK-PLK1 Phase I clinical trial. A live audio webcast of the call can be accessed through the Investor section of Tekmira's website at www.tekmirapharm.com. Or, alternatively, to dial into the conference call, please call 914-495-8556 or 1-866-393-1607.
An archived webcast of this conference call will be available on the Tekmira website approximately two hours after the event. Or alternatively, you may access a replay of the conference call by calling 404-537-3406 or 1-855-859-2056 and referencing conference ID 33014753.
About RNAi and Tekmira's LNP
RNAi therapeutics have the potential to treat a broad number of human diseases by "silencing" disease causing genes. The discoverers of RNAi, a gene silencing mechanism used by all cells, were awarded the 2006 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. RNAi therapeutics, such as "siRNAs," require delivery technology to be effective systemically. Tekmira believes its LNP technology represents the most widely adopted delivery technology for the systemic delivery of RNAi therapeutics. Tekmira's LNP platform is being utilized in multiple clinical trials by both Tekmira and its partners. Tekmira's LNP technology (formerly referred to as stable nucleic acid-lipid particles or SNALP) encapsulates siRNAs with high efficiency in uniform lipid nanoparticles that are effective in delivering RNAi therapeutics to disease sites in numerous preclinical models. Tekmira's LNP formulations are manufactured by a proprietary method which is robust, scalable and highly reproducible, and LNP-based products have been reviewed by multiple FDA divisions for use in clinical trials. LNP formulations comprise several lipid components that can be adjusted to suit the specific application.
Source: http://www.tekmirapharm.com