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Contents of the documentation
The Changing Field of Li-Ion Batteries Ralph J. Brodd, PhD, President, Broddarp
of Nevada. Since its introduction in 1991, Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) batteries have
constituted a dynamic field of research, development and production. It currently
is in the process of reinventing itself with a new chemistry base as well as
developing a new market for powering portable tools and electric vehicles. The
discussion will include a review of the new electrode materials and cell constructions
as well as market directions. The market for electric vehicles alone will dominate
the technology and markets by 2015. Finally, safety must be accepted as a given
quality for the success of Li-Ion batteries. Shipping restrictions and the reasons
for them will be discussed.
Anode / Carbon / Nanotechnology
Primary vs. Rechargeable Lithium Batteries for Mobile Applications Rachid Yazami,
PhD, Director, CNRS-CalTech International Laboratory on Materials for Electrochemical
Energetics, California Institute of Technology most primary lithium batteries
have higher energy density and longer shelf-life than rechargeable lithium-ion
batteries. In fact metallic lithium anode has the highest specific capacity
and the lowest operating voltage compared to any anode material in rechargeable
batteries. Many applications do not require charging the battery; instead they
require instant readiness of the power source. Power density is where rechargeable
batteries find their main advantage compared to primaries. Materials science
offers more and more opportunities to design cathode materials with fast kinetics,
in particular by using nanostructured materials. Recently we've developed a
new family of fluorinated carbon materials using carbon multiwalled nanotubes
as the starting material. A combination of controlled fluorination yield and
cathode engineering made it possible to discharge primary lithium cells at rates
as high as 100C and operate them at temperatures between -60 degrees C and 160
degrees C, which is beyond the operation limits of rechargeable lithium batteries.
Prospects of Carbon Nanotubes for Lithium Ion Batteries Brian J. Landi, PhD,
Research Scientist, NanoPower Research Labs, Golisano Institute for Sustainability,
Rochester Institute of Technology Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a candidate material
for use in lithium ion batteries due to conductivity (electrical and thermal),
nanoscale porosity, and for lithium ion storage as an anode. The ability to
fabricate CNT electrode papers independent of binder or metal foil substrates
can increase the useable anode specific capacity by up to 10x. The potential
role of incorporating CNTs into batteries as a conductive additive or active
material support on either electrode will also be discussed.
Protected Lithium Electrodes (PLEs) as Universal Anodes for Ultra-High Energy
Density Batteries and Drug Delivery Systems Steven J. Visco, PhD, Vice President
of Research, PolyPlus Battery Company Domestic and international programs focused
on the shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources highlight the need
for advanced battery chemistries. The introduction of Li-ion batteries in the
early 1990's was a major advance in energy storage, but still does not meet
the demands imposed by plug-in hybrid or all-electric vehicle technology. In
order to achieve multiples of 2 or 3 in energy density, new battery technologies
need to be developed. The invention of the protected lithium electrode (PLE)
allows exploration of ultra-high energy density chemistries including rechargeable
Li/Air, and remarkably, the development of drug delivery systems. In collaboration
with: E. Nimon, B. Katz, M.-Y. Chu, and Lutgard C. De Jonghe
Advanced Silicon Anode Technology for High Performance Li-Ion Batteries Kiyotaka
Yasuda, General Manager, SILX System Project Team, Corporate Technology Center,
Mitsui Mining & Smelting, Japan Mitsui has developed a new platform technology
of silicon-base electrode (SILX) and its system, used for lithium ion batteries
having high capacity along with sufficient cycle life. SILX has a network-structure
composed of silicon and copper with proper internal space to accommodate electrolyte
and also relieve the volume change during charge and discharge cycling. The
most advantageous characteristic of this technology is the rate performance,
especially at lower temperatures, which addresses key challenges in HEV and
EV applications.
Development of Thermally Stable Anode Graphites for High Power Lithium Ion
Batteries Bharat S. Chahar, PhD, PE, Product Manager, CPreme Energy Storage
Materials, ConocoPhillips Company Based on 50 years of experience in converting
heavy hydrocarbons to value added carbons, ConocoPhillips has developed CPreme
graphite anode materials for high performance Li-ion batteries (LI-B). These
materials were developed specifically to address the challenging needs of Li-B
in automotive and other high-power applications. Extensive evaluations by customers
and other third-party labs show that CPreme graphites provide a combination
of power, energy capacity, long cycle life and safety. This presentation will
provide details behind the technology platform used in making CPreme graphites.
Examples of how CPreme graphites can help the LiB manufacturers meet the difficult
requirements of future automobiles will be discussed.